1. Ganowa da yawaitar nau'in mutant Omi Keron A ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 2021, Afirka ta Kudu ta gano wani nau'in sabon coronavirus na B.1.1.529 daga samfurin shari'a a karon farko. A cikin makonni 2 kacal, nau'in mutant ya zama babban nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in cutar sankara na sabon kamuwa da cutar kambi a lardin Gauteng, Afirka ta Kudu, kuma haɓakarsa ya yi sauri. A ranar 26 ga Nuwamba, WHO ta ayyana shi a matsayin "bambance-bambancen damuwa" na biyar (VOC), mai suna bambance-bambancen harafin Helenanci Omicron (Omicron). Ya zuwa ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, Afirka ta Kudu, Isra'ila, Belgium, Italiya, Burtaniya, Ostiriya, da Hong Kong, China, sun sanya ido kan shigar da nau'in mutant. Ba a sami shigar da wannan nau'in mutant ba a wasu larduna da biranen ƙasata. An fara gano mutantan Omi Keron kuma an ba da rahotonsa a Afirka ta Kudu, amma ba yana nufin cewa cutar ta bulla a Afirka ta Kudu ba. Wurin da aka samu mutant ba lallai ba ne wurin da ya fito.
2. Dalilai masu yuwuwa na bullowar mutanan Omi Keron A cewar bayanan da sabuwar sabuwar kwayar cutar ta GISAID ta raba a halin yanzu, adadin wuraren maye gurbi na sabuwar kwayar cutar ta Omi Keron ya fi na dukkan sabbin kwayoyin cutar ta Crown. nau'ikan halittun da ke yawo a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, musamman a cikin maye gurbi na furotin (Spike). . Ana hasashen cewa dalilan bayyanarsa na iya kasancewa yanayi guda uku kamar haka: (1) Bayan da mara lafiyar ya kamu da cutar ta sabon coronavirus, ya sami tsawon lokaci na juyin halitta a cikin jiki don tara adadi mai yawa na maye gurbi, wanda ke haifar da sauye-sauye. ana yada su ta hanyar kwatsam; (2) wani nau'in kamuwa da cuta na dabba Sabon coronavirus, kwayar cutar tana fuskantar juyin halitta a lokacin yaduwar yawan dabbobi, kuma canjin canjin ya fi na mutane, sannan kuma ya zube cikin mutane; (3) Wannan nau'in mutant ya ci gaba da yaduwa na dogon lokaci a cikin ƙasashe ko yankuna inda yanayin sa ido kan maye gurbi na sabon ƙwayar cuta ta coronavirus ya ragu. , Saboda rashin isassun damar sa ido, ba a iya gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu tsaka-tsaki na juyin halitta cikin lokaci.
3. Ƙarfin watsawa na Omi Keron mutant iri A halin yanzu, babu wani tsari na bincike na bincike kan watsawa, cututtuka, da ikon tserewa na ƙwayoyin Omi Keron a duniya. Koyaya, bambance-bambancen Omi Keron shima yana da mahimman wuraren maye gurbin amino acid a cikin bambance-bambancen VOC guda huɗu na farko Alpha, Beta, Gamma da Delta, gami da ingantattun masu karɓar tantanin halitta. Shafukan maye gurbi don kusancin somatic da ikon kwafin ƙwayoyin cuta. Bayanan kula da cututtukan cututtuka da na dakin gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa adadin masu kamuwa da cutar Omi Keron a Afirka ta Kudu ya karu sosai, kuma ya maye gurbin bambance-bambancen Delta (Delta). Ana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa da nazarin ƙarfin watsawa.
4. Tasirin nau'in nau'in Omi Keron akan alluran rigakafi da magungunan rigakafin jiki Nazarin ya nuna cewa kasancewar K417N, E484A, ko N501Y maye gurbi a cikin furotin S na sabon coronavirus yana nuna ingantaccen ikon tserewa na rigakafi; yayin da Omi Keron kuma yana da sau uku maye gurbin "K417N+E484A+N501Y"; Bugu da kari, Mutantan Omi Keron shima Akwai wasu sauye-sauye da yawa wadanda zasu iya rage aikin kawar da wasu kwayoyin cutar monoclonal. Babban matsayi na maye gurbi na iya rage tasirin kariya na wasu magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na Omi Keron, da kuma ikon da ake da shi don guje wa rigakafi yana buƙatar ƙarin kulawa da bincike.
5. Shin bambance-bambancen Omi Keron yana shafar reagents na gano acid nucleic da ake amfani da su a yanzu a cikin ƙasata? Binciken kwayoyin halittar Omi Keron na mutant ya nuna cewa wurin maye gurbinsa baya shafar hankali da kuma takamaiman abubuwan gano abubuwan gano acid nucleic a cikin ƙasata. Wuraren maye gurbi na nau'in mutan Omi Keron sun fi mayar da hankali ne a cikin yanki mai matukar canji na kwayar halittar S, kuma ba sa cikin wuraren gano abubuwan gano ƙwayoyin acid na nucleic da yankunan da aka yi niyya da aka buga a cikin bugu na takwas na “New Coronavirus Pneumonia na ƙasata. Shirye-shiryen Rigakafi da Sarrafawa"(China Tsarin ORF1ab da kuma N gene da Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ta fitar ga duniya). Duk da haka, bayanai daga dakunan gwaje-gwaje da yawa a Afirka ta Kudu sun nuna cewa na'urorin gano sinadarin nucleic acid da ke gano kwayar halittar S ba za su iya iya gano kwayar halittar S na bambancin Omi Keron yadda ya kamata ba.
6. Matakan da kasashe da yankunan da abin ya shafa suka dauka bisa la'akari da saurin yaduwar cutar mutantan Omi Keron a Afirka ta Kudu, kasashe da yankuna da yawa, ciki har da Amurka, Burtaniya, Tarayyar Turai, Rasha, Isra'ila, Taiwan na kasata da kuma Hong Kong, ta hana shigowar matafiya daga kudancin Afirka.
7. Matakan mayar da martani na ƙasata na rigakafi da dabarun ƙasarmu na "kare waje, tsaro na cikin gida daga sake dawowa" har yanzu yana da tasiri a kan mutan Omi Keron. Cibiyar kula da cututtuka masu yaduwa ta Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ta kasar Sin ta kafa wata takamaiman hanyar gano sinadarin nucleic acid ga nau'in mutant na Omi Keron, kuma yana ci gaba da gudanar da aikin sa ido kan kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kanjamau don yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar daga kasashen waje. Matakan da aka ambata a sama za su sauƙaƙe gano mutantan Omi Keron a kan lokaci waɗanda za a iya shigo da su cikin ƙasata.
8. Shawarwari na WHO don mayar da martani ga Omi Keron mutant iris WHO ta ba da shawarar cewa kasashe su karfafa sa ido, rahoto da bincike game da sabon coronavirus, da kuma daukar ingantattun matakan kiwon lafiyar jama'a don dakatar da yaduwar cutar; Ingantattun matakan rigakafin kamuwa da cuta da aka ba da shawarar ga mutane sun haɗa da kiyaye tazarar akalla mita 1 a wuraren jama'a, sanya abin rufe fuska, buɗe tagogi don samun iska, da kiyayewa Tsabtace hannayenku, tari ko atishawa cikin gwiwar hannu ko nama, yin rigakafi, da sauransu, da kuma guji zuwa wuraren da ba su da kyau ko kuma cunkoso. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran bambance-bambancen VOC, har yanzu ba a da tabbas ko bambance-bambancen Omi Keron ya fi ƙarfin watsawa, kamuwa da cuta da ikon tserewa na rigakafi. Binciken da ya dace zai sami sakamako na farko a cikin 'yan makonni masu zuwa. Amma abin da aka sani a halin yanzu shi ne cewa duk nau'in rikida na iya haifar da rashin lafiya mai tsanani ko kuma mutuwa, don haka hana yaduwar kwayar cutar shine mabuɗin, kuma sabon maganin kambi yana da tasiri wajen rage cututtuka da mutuwa.
9. Dangane da sabon sabon salo na sabon coronavirus Omi Keron, me ya kamata jama'a su mai da hankali kan ayyukansu na yau da kullun? (1) Sanya abin rufe fuska har yanzu hanya ce mai inganci don toshe yaduwar cutar, kuma ana amfani da ita ga nau'ikan mutant na Omi Keron. Ko da an kammala dukkan matakan rigakafin rigakafi da rigakafin kara kuzari, kuma ya zama dole a sanya abin rufe fuska a wuraren jama'a na cikin gida, jigilar jama'a da sauran wurare. Bugu da kari, wanke hannunka akai-akai kuma ka shaka dakin. (2) Yi aiki mai kyau na kula da lafiyar mutum. Lokacin da akwai alamun alamun da ake zargi da kamuwa da sabbin cututtukan huhu, kamar zazzabi, tari, ƙarancin numfashi da sauran alamomi, da sauri a kula da yanayin zafin jiki kuma a ɗauki matakin ganin likita. (3) Rage shigarwa da fita ba dole ba. A cikin 'yan kwanaki kadan, kasashe da yankuna da yawa sun yi nasarar shigo da nau'ikan mutantan Omi Keron. Har ila yau, kasar Sin na fuskantar hadarin shigo da wannan nau'in mutant, kuma ilimin da duniya ke da shi a halin yanzu game da wannan nau'in mutant yana da iyaka. Don haka, ya kamata a rage tafiye-tafiye zuwa wuraren da ke da hatsarin gaske, kuma ya kamata a karfafa kariya ta mutum yayin tafiya don rage yiwuwar kamuwa da cututtukan mutant Omi Keron.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-17-2021